Which nursing intervention is crucial for preventing venous thromboembolism in postoperative patients?

Administering anticoagulants is a critical nursing intervention for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in postoperative patients. VTE, which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a significant risk following surgery due to decreased mobility, changes in blood flow, and potential vascular injury. Anticoagulants work by decreasing the blood's ability to clot, which helps to prevent the formation of clots in the veins.

The use of anticoagulant therapy, such as heparin or warfarin, has been proven effective in reducing the incidence of thromboembolic complications in surgical patients. By monitoring the patient's coagulation status and adjusting medication dosages accordingly, healthcare providers can manage the risk of VTE effectively.

Encouraging mobility and ambulation, alongside medication management, is typically part of a comprehensive approach to VTE prevention. While other factors, such as monitoring bowel movements or limiting fluid intake, may be important for patient care, they do not directly address the prevention of venous thromboembolism as effectively as the administration of anticoagulants.