Which lifestyle factors should be assessed prior to surgery for better postoperative recovery planning?

Assessing lifestyle factors such as smoking status and alcohol intake prior to surgery is critical for optimizing postoperative recovery. Smoking has significant negative effects on healing and can increase the risk of complications such as infections and respiratory issues. It is associated with impaired blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues, which can hinder recovery. Alcohol intake can also affect recovery, as excessive consumption may lead to liver dysfunction and alter medication metabolism, along with impacting overall healing processes. Understanding these factors allows healthcare providers to develop tailored interventions, such as smoking cessation programs or alcohol reduction strategies, which can significantly enhance recovery outcomes and reduce the likelihood of complications after surgery.

While dietary preferences and stress levels are important, they do not have as direct and significant an impact on recovery as smoking and alcohol consumption. Family medical history, age, and gender can provide valuable insights into potential surgical risks, but they do not directly relate to lifestyle choices that can be modified to improve recovery. Therefore, focusing on smoking and alcohol use is particularly key in preoperative assessments.