What is the initial nursing action when a patient experiences hypotension after surgery?

When a patient experiences hypotension after surgery, the initial nursing action should focus on assessing the underlying cause of the hypotension. This is crucial because understanding whether the hypotension is due to factors such as blood loss, fluid shifts, or other postoperative complications will guide appropriate interventions.

Assessing for blood loss is essential because significant post-surgical bleeding can lead to hypovolemic shock, which manifests as hypotension. By examining the surgical site, monitoring vital signs closely, and checking for any signs of internal bleeding (such as changes in level of consciousness or skin color), the nurse can determine the appropriate response. Identifying whether there is an active bleed allows for timely intervention, which may include notifying the healthcare provider and preparing the patient for further treatment, such as fluid resuscitation or surgical intervention if needed.

While administering IV fluids may stabilize a patient experiencing hypotension, it is a secondary response that depends on the assessment findings regarding blood loss. Similarly, positioning the patient flat might help temporarily, but without knowing the cause of hypotension, it is not the most appropriate first action. Positioning for comfort is important in overall patient care but should not take priority over assessment when hypotension is present.