What does the term "atelectasis" refer to in a postoperative context?

In a postoperative context, "atelectasis" specifically refers to the collapse of part or all of a lung. This condition can occur after surgery due to various factors such as shallow breathing, pain, or the effects of anesthesia. When a section of the lung collapses, it results in reduced gas exchange, which can lead to complications such as hypoxemia and an increased risk of pneumonia.

Recognizing and addressing atelectasis is crucial in postoperative care, as prevention strategies often include encouraging deep breathing exercises, using incentive spirometers, and ensuring adequate pain management to promote proper lung expansion. Understanding that atelectasis fundamentally involves lung collapse underscores the importance of postoperative respiratory care in achieving optimal recovery.