What condition is commonly associated with respiratory complications post-surgery?

Atelectasis is a condition where a portion of the lung collapses or does not inflate properly, and it is indeed commonly associated with respiratory complications following surgery. After a surgical procedure, particularly those involving general anesthesia or prolonged bed rest, patients may have shallow breathing or may not take deep breaths due to pain or discomfort. This can lead to a reduction in lung volume and impaired gas exchange, resulting in atelectasis.

The risk is heightened in surgeries that involve the abdomen or thoracic cavity, where pain can limit the ability to expand the lungs fully. Additionally, factors such as the patient's age, smoking history, and ongoing pulmonary conditions can further predispose them to this complication. Preventive measures like incentive spirometry, early mobilization, and pain management are important in reducing the risk of atelectasis following surgery.